应用热脉冲法对雷州半岛4年生尾叶桉单株树干液流时空的动态变化及与各环境因子的关系进行观测研究。研究结果表明:(1)形成层以内木质部不同深度的茎流密度不同,其中靠近形成层部分液流速度较快,但各层都具有相同的日变化趋势,中午12点至1点达到最大;夜间因根压作用影响各层仍有微弱上升液流;各深度日平均茎流密度11.6L·m-2·d-1,最大为15 3L·m-2·d-1(晴天),最小仅为5 4L·m-2·d-1(雨天);(2)不同直径尾叶桉的日茎流密度具有相似日变化趋势,胸径与高度相近其茎流密度相同,大树较小树快,这主要与树木根系吸收土壤水分的能力有关;(3)热脉冲法与整树容器法对2年生幼树耗水量的同步测定结果相一致,误差仅为3.4%;(4)树干茎流量与饱和蒸气压差和太阳辐射相关性特别显著。

利用热脉冲技术对雷州半岛2种主要土壤类型下的4年生尾叶桉人工林林分耗水量进行了为期1 a的观测,并对林分耗水与林分生长特性、气象因子及4 m 深土壤有效水关系进行研究。研究结果表明: 尾叶桉人工林边材面积与胸径具有显著的相关性, 利用边材面积进行单株向林分尺度耗水的转换可行; 河头、纪家尾叶桉人工林日平均茎流密度分别为2 772、1 839 L m-2 d-1; 日平均耗水量分别为1. 49、1. 53 mm; 河头与纪家尾叶桉人工林林分的年耗水量分别为542、559 mm, 分别占年降水量的35%、36%; 开阔的林冠及较小的叶面积指数、旱季时土壤有效水的减少及较低的饱和蒸汽压差等在不同程度上都限制了桉树的耗水量。

利用热脉冲技术对雷州半岛25年生加勒比松人工林旱季( 2000年10月至2001年2月)树干液流特征、耗水及环境因子的关系进行研究。结果表明: 加勒比松边材不同位点的液流密度由外到内呈低) 高) 低的态势; 观测期间林分日液流密度变幅为411~ 4 120 L# m-2 # d-1, 日平均液流密度为2 084 L# m-2# d-1; 旱季无雨时, 加勒比松日液流密度与太阳辐射、饱和蒸汽压差、气温及湿度相关性显著; 有雨时, 加勒比松日液流密度仅与饱和蒸汽压及湿度相关性显著; 单株日耗水量变幅为6. 4 ~ 169. 5 L, 日平均耗水量为55. 5 L, 林分日耗水量变幅为0. 35 ~3. 52 mm# d-1, 日均耗水量为1. 71mm# d-1, 旱季总耗水量为257. 7mm, 占同期降水量的72. 3%。

Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen is one of the two most precious tree species naturally distributed in China. The grafting techniques of D. odorifera were studied through comparing grafting methods, grafting seasons, rootstock grades as well as scion buds. The results showed that both "scarf joint grafting" and traditional cleft grafting were feasible for stem grafting. The two-bud "scarf joint grafting" got the best survival rate, while the cleft grafting was easy to operate. The best grafting seasons varied in the light of climate. In the warm southwest of Hainan island, the best grafting season was winter when the survival rate could achieve as high as 99.1%. While in Guangzhou, the best grafting season was the end of fall, and the corresponding survival rate was 94.6%. The quality of rootstock as well as scion bud affected the growth of scion bud directly. The growth of grade I buds/grade I rootstocks were 17 times that of grade III buds/grade III rootstocks. The study was beneficial for the preservation of high quality germplasm resources as well as for clone grafting of D. odorifera.

通过利用变权欧式距离模型对海南黎母山次生林、桉树人工林、橡胶人工林流域地表水2010年4月到2011年2月的水质监测数据进行综合评价,并与灰色关联分析、灰色聚类以及模糊综合评价的结果作比较,结果表明:3种森林流域地表水的变权欧式距离模型和灰色聚类评价结果均为Ⅰ级水体,基于灰色关联和模糊综合评价的次生林流域地表水的评价结果为Ⅰ级水体,而2010年6月桉树林流域地表水和2010年8月橡胶林流域地表水评价结果为Ⅱ级水体,其余月份均为Ⅰ级水体,这说明该地区人工林对流域水质没有产生负效应。

The effects of temperature on seed germination characteristics of Dalbergia tonkinensis collected from Lang son of Vietnam were studied. Significant differences were found among treatments in terms of germination percentage, germination energy, germination index and average germination time. In range of 15 ℃ to 30 ℃, the germination rate, germination energy and germination index increased with the increasing temperature, while the average germination time decreased correspondingly. And all germination parameters achieved the highest or the lowest values under the germination temperature of 30℃ with mean germination percentage, germination energy, germination index and germination time being 84.70%±8.4%, 65.56%±6.9%, 42.39±5.0 and 6.3±0.0 days, respectively. While under 35℃, the seed germination was inhibited slightly, most germination parameters were significantly lower than those in 30℃ except the average germination time. It could be concluded that 30℃ was the optimum temperature for seed germination of D. tonkinensis.

The effects of pot host (Kuhnia rosmarinifolia) configuration on the growth of Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) seedlings were studied by container culture experiment using split plot design. ANOVA results showed that the configuration time of pot host affected the height (pp=0.038), biomass (p=0.039) as well as haustoria amount (p=0.016) of S. album seedlings significantly after 5 months’ growth, while statistically differences were not found for the quality index (p=0.120). The amount of K. rosmarinifolia as well as the interaction between amount and configuration time did not show significant differences on the above indices. Earlier configuration of the pot host was good for the growth of S. album, and it was the best when disposing the pot host in the same time with the transplantation of S. album seedlings from seed bed to containers. In consideration of nursery practices, the ideal pot host amount was 2 or 3, under such a configuration model, the growth of S. album seedlings achieved the best performance for most indices, including an average height of 29.43 cm, an average ground diameter of 0.41cm, an average biomass of 3.06 g, an average haustoria number of 151, and an average quality index of 0.402 after 5 months growth.

目的 为了解不同浓度乙烯利对降香黄檀心材形成和精油成分的影响。 方法 以胸径6~8 cm降香黄檀为研究对象，采用树干注射的方法，研究不同乙烯利浓度（CK、0.1%、0.5%、2.5%）对降香黄檀淀粉和可溶性糖、基本材性、组织化学、精油成分的影响。 结果 表明：不同浓度乙烯利处理边材和变色边材的可溶性糖含量差异明显，变色边材的含糖量均明显低于边材；各处理边材的淀粉含量均显著高于CK，0.5%处理的变色边材中的淀粉含量最高，且显著高于其他处理。0.5%处理的生材密度最大，为1.036 g·cm^-3；绝对含水率、相对含水均为2.5%处理的最高；不同浓度乙烯利处理显著提高了变色边材的百分比和变色边材形成率。组织化学结果显示，各处理边材中均含有大量淀粉，变色边材中基本没有；变色边材中观测到大量脂类、酸性脂类和酚醛类物质，而未在边材中出现。变色边材出油率随乙烯利浓度的增加逐渐升高，0.1%、0.5%、2.5%分别比CK增加了52.28%、121.54%、128.54%。在检测到的12种共有心材成分中最主要的为橙花叔醇，各处理的橙花叔醇含量顺序为：CK > 0.1% > 2.5% > 0.5%；甜没药萜醇A含量最高的为2.5%，比CK升高了36.59%；α-金合欢烯和紫檀素均为0.1%处理的含量最高。 结论 综合分析各乙烯利处理对降香黄檀可溶性糖、基本材性、组织化学、精油成分和含量的影响，2.5%处理更有利于促进降香黄檀心材的形成。